Rev. NC.Vabeilua
A THÂTIH TLÂHPI:
Frederick William Savidge (Sap upa) thâtih eima laichadai khiah a viasapa J.H.Lorrain thâtih he pahlao lei theipa châ tyh vei. Ama thyutlia no tawhta â pakyhpa nata â viasapa châ ei ta, Missionary ta pua khoh ei ta, rai hria khoh ei ta, hla miakha chhao he ama palie khohpa Mizo Kristian Hlabu (Centenary Edition ) liata 8 lai a y. Chavâta pakha thâtih eimâ laichadai khiah a viasapa thâtih reipahlaopâ leitheipa châ vei. He paper lia chhao F.W.Savidge thâtih alaichadai pi ta, J.H Lorrain thâtih chhao viapa byuh tyh aw ta, eima pahno thai awpa châ sala.
F.W.Savidge thâtih he a siahlia kawpa ta eima pahnona y leipa ta, eima pahno theipa rakha liata cha ano he Methodist Awnanopa châta, J.H.Lorrain he Congregational Awnanopa châta, ama pihp[athi tawhta London khihpi liata High Gate Baptist Church liata kô 1890 pata Bati cha ei ta, he Awnanopa liata member ama cha tawhta Missionary châta awna he ama dao rairie. F.W. Savidge he thaina lata cha B.A. Ph.D. chata London liata pachutuhpa rai a hriapa chata, Khazohpa awna a pahno tawhta a rai basai pata, Misiionary ta a siepa a cha.
Kô Zabi 19 chhâna lâchhâh ta England liata ahrana tlô ta, Thlahpa leidiapazy thapasana a thata ama hnei. He nota Leeds khih liata ahneirohpa (Millionaire) Robert Arthington ta Zisu a vy hlata khizaw liata thatihpha chho khai awpa a byuh zie pahnopa ta, ano sôh ta Arthington Aborrigines Mission padua ta, John Dalmas, Bengal liata a ypa cha Mission Organizer nata Field Director chata rao ta, kô 1890 tawhta India rah liata Missionary 13 pano lyma ta pakaoh pata a tuah ei. He Missionary he Assam tlah rah zydua, Burma taihta thatipha chho awhpata tuapa ama cha. Anodeikua a hlao tloh vei. Ama hry liata 4 cha sapa chiehleina vata kua ei ta, pakha thi ta, 6 ta Mission py hropa a pazao ei ta, 2 a y tlakaihpazy cha F.W.Savidge nata J.H.Lorrain zy ama châ. J.H.Lorrain he Missionary ta a kaw pua tuapa chata, atahma ta Bangladesh rah New Zealand Baptist Mission Station, Bramanbaria liata a y haino ta- F.W.Savidge ta a kaw pahly. Bramanbaria tawhta hria nawpa su tlua ei ta, Bangladesh rah a hniapa Tripura liata angia a chhuah ei ta, anodeikua ama Beipa (Maharaja) ta a pasaih leipa vata, hruana ama daopa hawta Chittagong la ma pangai. Chittagong liata ama y tawhta Lushai Hills he Thatipha chho mah leina a cha tahpa pahno ei ta, angia ama chhuah. Anodeikua a dyuh no a châpa vâta pasaina thlai hmo thei leipa ei ta, Sawkha su pipa sakha Kassalong liata ama pahasa. Adyuhna a chha leipa vata Chittagong la aw pathipa cha ei ta, daihti reipi riethei hluhpi taopa ta ama ha tawhta December noh 26, 1893 “ Boxing Day” ama tahpa noh ta pasaina hmo ei ta, thlai a chhuah ei ta, sie nawpa lapi a y chhohpa Tlawng chavah cha balyh ta saopa ta kaw sie ei ta, hata ei 3 daihma hryuh pata January 11,1894 pata Sairang ama tlo. He noh he Mawrah liata thatipha tlo noh ta hmapa chata, sawkha chhao ta chhuti noh ta a phuahpa a châ. Sairang liata noh 5 châh ei ta, Sawkha ta kaohlih chyhsa 50 ahneipa hry liatapazy hma hra awhpata biehneituhpa Captain Loch hnohta hiah ei ta, pasaipa cha veih ei. Amo tlaita ama poh o toh zy apuhpa ta Aizawl liata pheisaih biehneituhpa ta ama khona su liata poh oparai ta y awpa pasai ei ta, he hleikho ta baona khapa hmahta pie thei veih ei. Chanachata poh o paraina su chata ama tlyhpa cha atahma ta Macdonald Hill liatapa su he a cha. Aizawl liata ti a sôh.
kawpa vâta January 16 tawhta 29 taih ngaisi leipa ta y ei ta, ama chyhsia chhao a thla leipa ta ama ziakhei lyma.
Ama pahrâ nawpa ramawh o thlai â sa ei ta, February noh 9,1894 pata ama pahra hmâ. April noh 2, 1894 pata Mawrah liata siku hmiatuachaipa cha ama pahy , Student pano Thangphunga nata Suaka ama hnei . Krizyhpa ta ama tao tuachaipa cha Taibuanga a châpa ta pahnopa a châ.
Mawrah liata kô palih y ei ta, ko 1898 pata England lamama kua . ko 4 ama y chhoh ta ama chakaona peimawh ngaitapa thokha reih sihla:
1). English Alphabet atlychakapa ta Mizo alphabet ama tao. He ama alphabet taopa hmâpa ta ama pachu. Mizo hawhrawh ropa ta a vaw y hapa vâta, British nata Mizoram liata Bengali reih hma awpata ama vaw tah chiehpa chhao pananopa a châ.
2). Mawreih Grammar nata Dictionary ama tao. (He he cha J.H.Lorrain taopa hawta pachapa a châ.)
3). Siku pahy ei ta, reih nata roh a thaipa khazie rakha tlyma ama hnei hmâ.
4). August noh 1, 1895 tawhta Biehrai palie a thao ei ta, Thatihpha Luka rohpa nata Zawhana rohpazy, Hmotaopazy chabuzy ama palie khai hmâ.
Ama pano ta Mizoram liata Education nata Literature a thaona lôbô a bôhtuhpazy ama châ
Mizoram liata hria pazao lymâ awpa ama khoh kaw nota Arthington agent Dalmas ta Mizoram cha Welsh Calvinistic Methodist Mission ku liata a vaw pie haw tahpa ama pahno.Welsh Mission ry liata hriapazao awhpata a za haw ei ta, pasaipa cha veih ei. Chavata ama puasai hlata Missionary hmiatuachaipa D.E Jones cha 31.8.1897 pata Aizawl a kaw tlô. Ama rah la ama lie hla thla 4 chhoh cha ‘ Orientation training ‘ama pie. F.W.Savidge nata J.H.Lorrain zy ama rah la amalie tawhta D.E Jones ta ama Mission hyutuhpazy hnoh ta cha paphaopa aro tuachaipa liata cha he hawta a roh : Sawkha ta ama ngia hlata a ngiapa cha ei sala cha ama luh ama taipa cheingei aw. Atahma deikua thokha ta cha Khazohpa hawta ama pacha. Amo ta ama thatih ama rei khoh lei vata a cha. Tahpa ta December 31,1897 pata Aizawl puasai ei ta, Marah 1898 pata India rah rah puasaipa ta ama lie lilaw.
Amo a tuahtuhpa Arthington nata ama pachazie nata khozie a lyu leipa vata , Arthington ta a paba ei. Furlough ta ama sie chhoh ta pound 100 pie awpa ta bie a taihpa chhao pie khao veih ei. (Arthington ta cha chi pha/pho kha liata thatihpha chho awhpata cha thla 3 a daihpa ta a pahno. Maluh 1,00,000 pazy cha ta kô 4 – 5 ama daihti ama hmâpa cha a khozie châ vei.)
Hnabeidy achhih kaw hra sala, Thatihpha chho chakaona cha basai a chhuah veih ei. Livingstone College liata thohna ta mohohna dahzy a chu ei ta, amo deichhy awhpata viasa phapazy hmapa ta Assam Pioneer Mission padua ei ta, ko 1899 liata India rah vaw pangai heih ei ta, Arunachal Pradesh liata Sadhiya khih liata yna ama paryh heih. Thohna hmapa ta Zawpi liata chakaona hnei ei ta, A bor-Miro reih roh nata reih pachu ei ta, Dictionary chhao ama taopa. Khazohpa bie chhao tho 400 rachhôh ama papua hmâ hra.
BMS RY LIATA CHAKAONA : Sadhiya liata kô 4 chhao ama y mâ hlâta Mizoram liata chakao awhpata hruana amah hmô. Baptist Missionary Society ta Chittagong Hill Tracts liata ama hmah lana pakawhpa ta Mizoram chho la hria awpa khoh ei ta, Mizoram Pioneer Missionary a cha chiehpa nata reih a thai chiehpa ama y tahpa pahno ei ta ama vaw hruapa a cha. Chatanachata Welsh Mission zy nata a paryhpa ta Mizoram liata hria heih awhpata 21st February 1904 pata Abor rah puasaipa ta Mizoram cha ama vaw pangai heih. Tlaboh cha 8th March 1903 pata tlo ei ta, ama chakao tuana su Lunglei cha 13th March 1903 pata ama tlo heih.
A MOPAKHA HRO NATA THÂTIH :
Frederick Williams Savidge he Cambridge shire liata Stremtham khih liata 3rd May 1862 pata a pihpa a cha. A paw cha lyu a taopa hneirohpa a cha. Ely khih King’s School liata cha a chu ta, a thai thei ngasapa a cha. A title cha B.A, Ph.D , F.S.A a cha. Pachu a thaipa, chhithatuhpa chata a phapa a tlyh thaipa nata pachhuahpanoh thaipa ta reipa a cha. Kô 1903 liata Scottish Church Missionary, Culcutta Girl’s College liata pachutuhpa Miss M.Grant lahpino ta hnei ta, a lahpihno cha Mizoram chho la liata chano Missionary tuachaipa a châ.
Ama report saipa ta , F.W. Savidge he Education Literature nata Medical lachhah maophaoh via chaipa ta a la. Ko 1904 chhana la liata Assam Chief Commissioner ta ama siku tly ta, Mizoram chho la ta siku zydua a mohhohna ry liata soh ta, a byuhna hawta baokha lyma awhpata F.W. Savidge cha chho ta, Savidge chhao ta a paryhsa hra. Mizoram chho la chata Honorary Inspector of Schools chata raopa châta, a pension na taihta he raih he a hria.
He kô liata Dispensary liata atlahleipa 1500 ta thohna ama la . Ko 1906 liata Upper Primary exam na hnei tuachai ei ta, a thaichaipa cha Sawkha chyhpa ta High School Shillong liata pakiasa thei tuapa a cha. Girl’s Boarding School cha kô 1907 liata paduahpa cha ta, F.W . Savidge cha Furlough ta ama râh lâ a sie.
Kô 1911 liata Mizoram mawtah a tlo nota Sawkha ta Tlaboh taih sahpha kaw paphao ta, aphao awpa ama y leipa vata Lolei kaw tlo thei vei. Siku hawtizy cha nie awpa ama hnei khao leipa vata F.W.Savidge ryhraona hawta student 50 zy cha nie awpa yna Tlaboh la cha zu ei ta, Noh 4 lasie ta hmah ei ta, noh 3 nie awpa hnei ei ta, noh 1 cha nie leipa ta ama sie.Tlaboh liata thla 2 y ei ta, ama result a pha kaw heih. Patlana lachhah chakaona liata a hria phana vata kô 1920 liata Chief Commissioner of Assam ta Serkawn a tly nota Silver Kaisar –I Hind Medal palyupalihna a pie. A siku hawti zy he Pastor, lyuchapa, doctor, dispenser clerk, Pheisaih nata rai hropa a hriapazy y ei ta, Abei pakha ta cha, “Ei khih mo zydua he na siku hawti parohpa sai cha ei sala ei khoh” a tahpa ngapa a cha.
F.W.Savidge cha kô 1925 liata Furlough ta sie ta a pension pa awpa a cha. England atlo tawhta zothlohpa pasana (diabetes) vei ta, a mo sia khao leipa ta, kô 1933 liata a lahpihno ta thisai ta, 26th September 1935 liata ano chhao Abeipa hnohta a paha ha hra. Mizoram tawhta a sie chyta a thla liata pabupa awpa ta alei tikha a phao. He alei he a thla liata pabupapa a cha tlai tahpa Pu Buanga ta a reih . Serkawn liata taokheina programme hnei ei ta, Savidge hla khochai tyhpa “Beneath the cross of jesus” (Zisu kraws ry liana cha) tahpa sa ei ta, ama zydua ta cha khai ei ta, Pu Dinga deita a sa patlo thei “ ama tah.
Mizo Kristian Hlabu (Centenary Edition) liata F.W.Savidge ku puapa he hla 27 tlai a y. Viasa nata a baopasupa ta ama paliehpa chhao a y holo hra. F.W.Savidge raihria rohnah ngaitahpa, Marapazy ta eima my thei lei awpa miakha cha : A Grammar and Dictionary of the Lakher Language”, miah a taopa he a châ. He chabu he ko 1908 liata published pa a châ. He a raihria rohnah ngaitapa vâta atanoh he Seminar chhao he eima hneipa hawta ei pacha. Chyhsa thokha ta “ A Gramer and Dictionary of the Lakher Language” he F.W.Savidge roppa cha thei vei. Pahno chheipa a cha aw. Ano he Mara rah la a khy beih leipa ta kheihta ma Mara reih a thai aw ? tahpa ta a reihpa ama y.
Pu Buanga nata Sap upa he Mizo alphabet a taotuhpa ama cha. Anodeikua Mizoram ama vaw ngia hlâta Chittagong liata ama y nota Mizo reih a chuna ropa ama hmopa Pu Buanga ta a reih. ( Lewin, Wheel, page 316) Mizo alphabet ama tao hla tawhta hmah ta Mizo reih a chuna a vaw y ha khiah cha Revd. F.W Savidge, ta Lôlei liata kô 10 a y tawhta he chabu a ropa he zo lei awpa chi cha vei. Ko 1869 liata Lewin ta,” The Hill Tracts of Chittagong and the Dwellers therein, with comparative vocabulary of the Hill Dialects”, tahpa roh ta, Bengali Doctor Brojo Nath Shaha ta “ Grammer of the Lushei Language Popular songs and Translations from Aesop’s fables tahpa kô 1884 liata a papua (published) hra. The Progressive colloquial Exercise in Lushai Dialect tahpa he kô 1874 liata Lt. Col Thomas H.Lewin ropa a châ.
Revd. F.W. savidge thatih nata a raihria ei laichadai nota noah ei tah ngaitapa miakha cha, Mawrah liata hmo a pahnopa nata Pu Buanga nata Sap upa thatih nata rai hria a rohtuhpazy ta hla ama paliepa taihta aki kawp ta ama roh thei nota Sap upa ta “A Grammar and Dictionary of the Lakher Language” a ropa he pakha hmah ta ama roh tlo vei cha maw khazia sualuah tlyma ? Ama pahno leipa ma a cha. Ama ropa ei hmo chho leipa chhao a châ thei hra.
Chavâta F.W. Savidge ta Mara râh tlô hra vei sala, ahyzy tawhta tlyma Mara râh reih he a chu thei hrapa a châ. Revd. Sr. F.W Savidge he Marapa reih alphabet a taotuachaipa, Grammar nata Dictionary miah a taopa tuachaipa a chapa vata Founder of Mara Literature tah lei thei ma pi. Alphabet taopa chhao atahma ta eima hma haipa a sai ta sathoh aypa hawhpa chi he a châ. Chavâta atanoh Arts and biepipa a vaw tlyhpa he ado ngaitapa ta pahno nata ama chô liata chhao alyna bie a thata ei rei. Paper present deikua daihty ngâsâpa ta ropa, chhohkha la rairuna atyhna daihti nata a su ,a tahpa vata Seminar â vaw hlaopa zydua nama pachâthaina ei châ haw ei.
Ei ly kawna.
BIE BAIPA
‘A Grammar and Dictionary of the Lakher Language’ tahpa he Revd. Dr. F.W.Savidge ropa châ sala a pangiasa leituhpazy ta a tlychakana ama hnei tlyma ? Revd.Savidge he Marapazy Missionary châ va, Mara râh lâ â khypa pahno tlâ ei va, a tahpa vâta apangiasa lei chakhyhpa ama châ tly? Revd. Savidge ropa tlai a châ tahpa palâsana châta points kha reih sihla:
1. A bu a y. A bu liata a rohtuhpa cha F.W.Savidge tahpa a sia ngâsâpa ta a roh ta, published kô chhao 1908 a châ.
2. N.E.Parry ta a châbu ‘The Lakhers”tahpa liata la sia ngâsâpa ta Savidge ropa a châ tahpa a roh.( see The Lakhers 510-511, 512 pages) N.E Parry he châbu a ro nota, Revd. R.A Lorrain a hro thlâh hano châta, R.A.Lorrain ropa Savidge ropa hawhta a vaw rohpa châ sala a complaint cheingei awpa a châ. The Lakher tahpa he kô 1932 liata published pa châta, Revd. R.A. Lorrain cha kô 1944 liata a thipa a châ.
3. N.E.Parry ta Revd.R.A.Lorrain nata Revd. F.W.Savidge zy ta Mara reih alphabet ama taopa a lyu leizie chhao a sia ngasapata maniah a chho .Savidge taopa cha he hawhta a châ.
A Â A AW B CH D E Ê F H I I J K L M N NG O Ô P R S T U Û V Z
R.A.Lorrain taopa cha he hawhta a châ hra:
A AW Y B CH D E H I J K L M N NG O Ô F R S T U V Z AO YU
N.E.Parray ta ka kcomment-na liata cha, k’Savidge alphaber taoa he a khmâ a nao via ‘a tah.
4. Revd. F.W.Savidge ta a châbu “A Grammar and Dictionary of the Lakher Language’,tahpa bu a pahmâsapa vâta N.E.Parry ta F.W.Savidge hnohta a lyna bie a reih (see The Lakhers preface viii page)
He hleikhô ta ‘A Grammar and Dictionary of the Lakher Language ‘tahpa he F.W.Savidge ropa a châ tahpa kheihta eima reih pasia khao aw!. He tawh chhao ta a zo leipa nata â pyh leipa cha Zisu Krista ama khaipâna ku hmah nata sei ta amâ chôna kâ kha chapao ngâ hréi sala zo hlâ veih ei.
